| Formula Ingredient Deck | 
Benefits Of Each Ingredient  | 
| Vitamin A (beta carotene) | 
- May support vision health, skin health, immune health, and increases antioxidant support (182, 183).
 
- 
May support antioxidant function via decreased inflammatory cytokines (inflammation), decreased reactive oxygen species, and increased L-glutathione production (master antioxidant) (182, 183).
 
- 
May support visual health via increased amounts of plasma vitamin A in macular (eye) tissues (182,183).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin C | 
- 
May support immune, cardiovascular, skin, cognitive, fat burning, and digestive health (97, 98).
 
- 
May support immune health via increased oxidant, free radical scavenging, and fueling neutrophilic (immune cell) activity in chemotaxis, phagocytosis, and microbial killing (97,98).
 
- 
May support fat burning by increasing carnitine biosynthesis (molecule required for mitochondrial fatty acid oxidation) (97,98).
 
- 
May support accelerated bone healing after a fracture, increased type I collagen synthesis, and reduced oxidative stress (inflammation) (98).
 
 
 | 
| Calcium Carbonate | 
- 
 May support bone health, muscle function, and cardiovascular health (36,37).
 
- 
Regulates processes of bone resorption, mineralization, and fracture repair (36,37).
 
- 
Increases the effect of physical exercise on bone mineral acquisition in the period preceding puberty (36,37). 
 
- 
May support reduced prevalence of preeclampsia (36,37).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin D | 
- May support exercise performance, immune health, muscle growth, optimal bone health, hormonal health, immune function, increased sexual health, cardiovascular health, glucose tolerance,  increased strength, and positive mood (77,78,79).
 
- May support hormonal health via high amounts of vitamin D receptor (VDR) activity in hormone based negative feedback loop reactions (77,78).
 
- May support cardiovascular health via improved absorption of calcium, reduced atherosclerotic activity, stimulating cardiomyocytes, and improved vascular health (77,78).
 
- May support exercise recovery via reduced post exercise inflammation and muscle damage (77,78).
 
- May support sexual health via increased activity of Vitamin D receptor activity of testosterone production (79).
 
- May support immune function via decreases of inflammatory cytokines and aiding immune cells (77,78).
 
- May support joint health via regulating calcium,phosphorus. and bone remodeling along with other calcium-regulating actions (77,78).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin E | 
- May support immune function, cognitive health, cardiovascular health, and bone health (204,205,206,207,208)
 
- 
May support immune health via neutralizing free radicals and reactive oxygen species, and increased T lymphocyte-mediated immune function (204).
 
- 
May support cardiovascular health via reduced cholesterol (204).
 
- 
May support cognitive function via reduced oxidative stress, inflammation, and DNA damage of neuronal tissues (208).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin B1 (Thiamine) | 
- May support aerobic energy metabolism (oxidative phosphorylation), cell growth, optimal neuronal conduction (nerve impulses), and cardiovascular health (94).
 
- 
May support cardiovascular function and aids as a neuroprotective agent in individuals with vitamin B-1 deficiencies (94, 95). 
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin B2 (Riboflavin) | 
- 
May support conversion and activation of other B vitamins, red blood cell production and serves as a cofactor for both glucose and fat metabolism (energy production) (92,93). 
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin B3 (Niacin) | 
- Major B vitamin that may support cardiovascular health by inhibiting hepatic(liver) triglyceride synthesis, reducing very-low-density lipoprotein (VLDL) secretion, and increasing HDL plasma concentrations (9).
 
- 
Reduces conversion of VLDL into LDL proteins and serum lipoprotein concentrations in plasma (blood) (9).
 
- 
Vital for regulation of gene expression, cell cycle progression, and DNA repair, and cell death (9).
 
- 
May support healthy inflammatory response via antioxidant and anti-apoptotic (prevention of cell death) properties (9).
 
- 
May support reduced prevalence of pellagra, nervous anorexia, and Crohn’s disease (10, 11).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin B6 | 
- Serves as a cofactor in more than 150 enzymatic reactions associated in blood sugar regulation, immunity, cardiovascular function, neuronal health, metabolic, and digestive health (38, 40).
 
- 
May support reduced plasma glucose (blood sugar levels) via inhibiting the activity of small-intestinal α-glucosidases (enzymes associated with glucose metabolism) (39).
 
- 
Functions as an antioxidant by counteracting the formation of reactive oxygen species (inflammatory markers) and advanced glycation end-products (38,40)
 
- 
May support blood sugar regulation in women with gestational diabetes (40).
 
- Cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA metabolism (40).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin B12 | 
- May support  proper DNA synthesis, folate cycle function, energy production, cognitive function, and immune health (51,53).
 
- 
Aids as an antioxidant via direct scavenging of reactive oxygen species (inflammation), preserving l-glutathione levels (master antioxidant), and reducing oxidative stress (51).
 
- 
May support  reduced  vitamin b-12 deficiency pathologies such as anemia, neurodegenerative disease, cardiovascular disease, and osteoporosis (53).
 
 
 | 
| Zinc | 
- May support immune function, skin health, cognitive function, and vision (172,173).
 
- May support stimulation of the innate and adaptive immune system (172,173).
 
- 
May support the activation of lymphocytes and activation of innate and T cell-mediated immunity (172,173).
 
- 
May support cognitive function by modulation of neuronal signaling in areas of the brain associated with memory and learning (hippocampus) (172,173).
 
 
 | 
| Biotin | 
- May support conversion of food into cellular energy, hair health, skin health, and cognitive function (213,214).
 
- 
May support glucose breakdown into skeletal muscle tissue (213,214).
 
 
 | 
| Vitamin B5 | 
- 
May support energy production, cell growth, cell repair, cognitive function, increased hippocampal volume (memory), and optimized bioenergetics (burning of carbohydrates, fat, and protein) (96).
 
 
 | 
| Magnesium | 
- May support optimal nerve function, muscle contractions, cardiovascular, bone health, and decreased anxiety (90,91).
 
- 
Supports biological reactions such as ATP-fueled reactions and pancreatic insulin secretion (90,91).
 
- 
May support reduced systolic blood pressure, fasting glucose, triglycerides, and healthy HDL levels (90,91).
 
- 
May support reduced peripheral cortisol levels in the CNS and supports relaxation and decreased anxiety (90,91).
 
 
 | 
| Copper | 
- 
May support healthy blood sugar levels, energy metabolism and cholesterol management (143,144).
 
 
 | 
| Selenium | 
- May support antioxidant function, cardiovascular health, cognitive function, thyroid health, and immune health (145, 146).
 
- 
May support reduced prevelance of atherosclerosis, high cholesterol (hypercholesterolemia), and type 1 diabetes (147).
 
- 
May support thyroid health via decreased circulating thyroid autoantibodies in patients with chronic autoimmune thyroiditis (AIT) (146)
 
- 
Increases the activity of selenoproteins that decrease reactive oxygen species (inflammation), increases natural killer activity, and increases glutathione (master antioxidant) levels (145,147).
 
 
 | 
| Manganese | 
- 
May support enzymatic antioxidant reactions, increased bone mineral density, and blood sugar regulation (148,149).
 
 
 | 
| Molybdenum | 
 | 
| Chromium | 
- 
May support insulin function, reduced cholesterol, improved blood sugar regulation, and may lower cholesterol (218,219). 
 
 
 | 
| Wild Yam Extract | 
- May support hormonal balance in women via increased progesterone production (151).
 
- 
May support the reduction of atherosclerosis and improved vascular flow (151).
 
 
 | 
| Red Clover Extract | 
- May support menopausal health via reductions in hot flashes, increased estrogen balance, antioxidant support, improved lipid panels, increased bone mineral density, and improved mood (152,153,154).
 
- 
High in phytoestrogens (isoflavone) that bind to estrogen receptors which increase estradiol (154).
 
- 
May support reduced total cholesterol, LDL, triglycerides, and improves HDL (152,153,154).
 
- 
May support bone health via increased osteoblasts (cells that build bone) activity, reduced bone turnover by inhibiting bone resorption, and increased bone mineral density (152,153,154).
 
 
 | 
| Lutein | 
- A carotenoid that may support vision health, immune health, cardiovascular health, and combats diabetic retinopathy (155,156).
 
- 
May support increased lutein concentration in the macula and exhibits various features such as anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and blue light-filtering effects (155,156).
 
- 
May support visual health via increased lutein concentration in the macular layer of the retina, reduced susceptibility to age-related macular disease, reduced prevalence of cataracts, and improved plasma level of lutein and retinal macular pigment level (155,156).
 
 
 | 
| Cranberry Extract | 
- 
 May support cardiovascular health, immune health, and may reduce the prevalence of urinary tract infections (156, 157).
 
 
 | 
| Alpha Lipoic Acid | 
- May support immune health, cardiovascular health, blood sugar regulation, reduced body fat, and improved cognitive function (158).
 
- 
May support blood sugar regulation via increased glucose uptake in insulin-sensitive and insulin-resistant muscle (158).
 
- 
May support cardiovascular health via increased nitric oxide production and decreased glycation of red blood cells (decreased HA1C) (158).
 
- 
May support cognitive function via enhanced memory, focus, and reduction of neurodegenerative disease (158).
 
- 
May support immune health via increased free radical scavenging capabilities and increased glutathione (master antioxidant) levels (158). 
 
- 
Reduces body weight via decreased appetite in individuals with metabolic syndrome (158).
 
 
 | 
| Goldenseal Root | 
- May support digestive health, antibacterial activity, and antioxidant support (201, 202). 
 
- 
May support antioxidant function via increased levels of berberine (alkaloid) (201,202).
 
 
 | 
| Echinacea | 
- May support immune health via increased antiviral, anti-microbial, antioxidant capacity, (159,160).
 
- 
May support immune health via decreased impro-inflammatory markers (cytokines IL-6, IL-8, and TNF) (159,160). 
 
- 
May support adaptive and innate immunity via increased monocytes, neutrophils, natural killer cells, and CD8 T cells (159,160).
 
 
 | 
| Spirulina | 
- 
May support reduced cholesterol, blood pressure, blood sugar regulation, reduces inflammation, reduced body fat, and supports antioxidant function (301, 302).
 
 
 | 
| Garlic | 
- 
May support cardiovascular health, immune health, joint health, reduced inflammation, gut health, and enhanced antibacterial activity (161).
 
- 
May support cardiovascular health via reduced hypertension, reduced total cholesterol, reduced arterial stiffness (hardening of arteries), and markers of atherosclerosis (161).
 
- 
May support joint health via reduced NF-κB activation (inflammation) in human fibroblasts cells and reduced prevalence of pain in individuals with rheumatoid arthritis (162).
 
- 
May support gut health via increased prebiotic properties, increased microbiome population, and increased Lactobacillus and Clostridia species (163).
 
- 
May support immune health via a reduction in inflammatory markers (CRP, TNF, IL-6) (164).
 
 
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